hypertension

Dictionary Meaning -

(according to Dorland's pocket medical Dictionary)

hypertension - persistently high arterial blood pressure; it may have no known cause (essential, idiopathic, or primary hypertension) or may be associated with other diseases (secondary hypertension).

accelerated hypertension - progressive hypertension with the fundoscopic vascular changes of malignant hypertension but without papilledema.

adrenal hypertension - hypertension associated with an adrenal tumour that secretes mineralocorticoids.

borderline hypertension - a condition in which the arterial blood pressure is sometimes within the normotensive range & and sometimes within the hypertensive range.

goldblatt hypertension - that caused experimentally by a goldblatt kidney.

labile hypertension - borderline hypertension.

malignant hypertension - a severe hypertensive state with papilledema of the ocular fundus & vascular haemorrhagic lesions, thickening of the small arteries and arterioles, left ventricular hypertrophy, and poor prognosis.

ocular hypertension - persistently elevated intra ocular pressure in the  absence of any signs of glaucoma; it may or may not progress to open angle glaucoma.

persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn - a condition in newborns in which blood continues to flow through the foramen ovale and a patent ductus arteriosus, bypassing the lungs and resulting in hypoxaemia.

portal hypertension - abnormally increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation.

renal hypertension - that associated with or due to renal disease with a factor of parenchymatous ischemia.

renovascular hypertension - that due to occlusive disease of the renal arteries.

systemic venous hypertension - elevation of systemic venous pressure, usually detected by inspection of the jugular veins.


Pathological Point Of View -

• Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure, sometimes called arterial hypertension, is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated. 

• Blood pressure is summarised by two measurements, systolic and diastolic, which depend on whether the heart muscle is contracting (systole) or relaxed between beats (diastole). 

• This equals the maximum and minimum pressure, respectively. 

• There are different definitions of the normal range of blood pressure. Normal blood pressure at rest is within the range of 100–140 mmHg systolic (top reading) and 60–90 mmHg diastolic (bottom reading). 

• High blood pressure is said to be present if it is often at or above 140/90 mmHg.

For More Details :-

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertension

Causes :-

Signs & Symptoms :-

Complications :-

Management :-

Treatment in ayurveda :-

Treatment in modern medicine :-

• Detect hypertension in time, before any serious complication arises. hypertension means Systolic > 140 mm and Diastolic > 90 mm ( >84 mm in younger patients)

• check B.P routinely in every patient of high risk group. 

•  in every patient above 40 years of age once in a year.  

•  in every diabetic and obese patient. 

•  in every case with headache, giddiness, chest pain & epistaxis. 

•  in direct relatives of hypertensive patients (son, Brother, uncle etc.)

Mild hypertension = Diastolic <90 mm.

• salt restricted diet. avoid extra salt and pickles. salt in cooking may be allowed. if possible, low sodium salt should be used.

• low fat diet. avoid oil, ghee, deep fried foods. i.e., less of saturated fats.

• reduce weight, if overweight, by regular exercise.

• regularise working hours and sleep for 8 hours. yoga for relaxation of mind is helpful. daily aerobic exercises.

• check B.P. every week.

if not controlled,

• Beta blocker can be given.

Moderate hypertension = Diastolic >90 mm.

• start with Beta blocker.

if not controlled,

• Combine 2 drugs e.g., Beta blocker + Ca blocker Or ACE inhibitor + Beta blocker etc.

• Add a Diuretic.

• Stop salt intake completely.

• Bed rest.

• Refer to the physician for further investigations.

Treatment in Homoeopathy :-

" One Single Simple Drug Substance In Its Most Suitable Potency, According To Symptom Similarity Based On Totality! "

There are a few rubrics based on hypertension in the Complete 2009 Repertory and Murphy’s II Repertory;

• B; Blood; HYPERTENSION; high blood pressure (80) : acon., adon., adren., agar., aml-n., aran., arg-n., ars., asar., aster., aur., aur-i., aur-m., aur-m-n., bar-c., bar-m., calcul-r., calc., calc-f., calc-p., caust., chin-s., choc., coff., con., cortiso., Crat., cupr., cupr-acet., cupr-ar., dig., fl-ac., glon., grat., ign., iod., iris, kali-ar., kali-c., kali-m., kali-p., Lach., lat-m., lyc., lycps., mag-c., naja, Nat-m., nit-ac., nux-v., ph-ac., phos., pic-ac., pitu-gl., plb., psor., puls., rad-br., reser., rauw., rhus-t., sang., scopo., sec., sep., sil., squil., stront-c., stroph., sulph., sumb., tab., thal., thlaspi, thuj., valer., vanad., Verat., verat-v., visc.
• Clinical; HYPERTENSION (142) : acan-pl., acon., adon., Adren., agar., aids, ALL-S., alli-m., aml-n., anh., ant-ar., aran., aran-ix., Arg-n., arn., ars., asar., aster., atro., Aur., aur-br., aur-i., aur-m., aur-m-n., Bar-c., bar-m., bell., boerh., borag., butho-t., Cact., cadm., Calc., calc-f., calc-p., calcul-r., cale-z., carb-v., carc., caruk-b., Caust., chel., chin-s., chir-f., chloram., chlorpr., choc., coff., con., convo-s., cortico., cortiso., Crat., cupr., cupr-acet., cupr-ar., cyna., cyt-l., dig., EPHIN., ergot., esp-g., eup-per., feld., fl-ac., gels., gins., glon., glyc-g., Grat., hura, hyosin., Ign., interf., iod., ion-rad., ipom., iris, jug-c., Kali-c., Kali-chl., kali-p., kali-sal., kres., LACH., lat-m., lepro., Lyc., lycps., mag-c., mand., mangi., meli., methys., morg., naja, Nat-m., nit-ac., NUX-V., onop., parth., passi., Ph-ac., phase., Phos., pic-ac., pitu-p., Plb., plb-i., psil-s., Psor., Puls., rad-br., Rauw., reser., rhus-t., sang., saroth., scarl., Sec., sed-ac., Sep., ser-ang., Sil., squil., Stront-c., Stront-i., stroph., SULPH., Sumb., tab., Tama., thal., thlaspi, Thuj., thyr., tity-s., valer., vanad., VERAT., verat-v., VISC.
• Clinical; HYPERTENSION; Hypotension, before (2) : butho-t., cyna.
• Clinical; HYPERTENSION; Old people, in (1) : GLON.
• Clinical; HYPERTENSION; Redness of face, with (4) : aster., bell., glon., rauw.
• Clinical; HYPERTENSION; Sudden rise of (1) : coff.
• Clinical; HYPERTENSION; Vertigo, in (3) : cyna., nat-m., VISC.
• Heart & Circulation; TENSION; Circulation; increased, arteries (5) : chlor., chloram., Coff., feld., gels.

For More Details :-

• http://robertfield3.wordpress.com/homeopathy-tips/homeopathy-tips-for-110309-hypertension/

Take Care Of Your Body,

It's The Only Place You Have To Live In.

With Best Regards, Karnav Thakkar :) :)

jaundice

Dictionary Meaning -

(according to Dorland's pocket medical Dictionary)

Jaundice - icterus; yellowness of the skin, scleras, mucous membranes, and excretions due to hyperbilirubinemia and deposition of bile pigments.

alcoholic jaundice - jaundice without bilirubinemia,  associated with elevated unconjugated bilirubin that is not excreted by the kidney.

breastfeeding jaundice - jaundice occurring in breastfed infants within the first week of life, most commonly caused by inadequate intake.

breast milk jaundice - jaundice occurring in breastfed infants after the first 3-5 days of life, within serum bilirubin generally peaking at approximately 2 weeks and falling gradually over the next several months.

cholestatic jaundice - that resulting from abnormal bile flow in the liver.

haemolytic jaundice - that due to increased production of bilirubin from haemoglobin under conditions causing accelerated degradation of erythrocytes.

hepatocellular jaundice - that due to injury to or disease of liver cells.

hepatogenic jaundice, hepatogenous jaundice - that due to disease or disorder of the liver.

leptospiral jaundice - Weil syndrome.

mechanical jaundice - obstructive jaundice.

neonatal jaundice, jaundice of the newborn - icterus neonatorum.

nuclear jaundice - kernicterus.

obstructive jaundice - that due to blocking of bile flow.

physiologic jaundice - mild icterus neonatorum lasting the first few days of life.

retention jaundice - that due to inability of the liver to dispose of the bilirubin provided by the circulating blood.


Pathological Point Of View -

• Jaundice (also known as icterus, from the Greek word ίκτερος; adjectival form, icteric) is a yellowish pigmentation of the skin, the conjunctival membranes over the sclerae (whites of the eyes), and other mucous membranes caused by hyperbilirubinemia (increased levels of bilirubin in the blood).

• This hyperbilirubinemia subsequently causes increased levels of bilirubin in the extracellular fluid. 

• Concentration of bilirubin in blood plasma is normally below 1.2 mg/dL (<25µmol/L). 

• A concentration higher than approx. 3 mg/dL (>50µmol/L) leads to jaundice. 

• The term jaundice comes from the French word jaune, meaning yellow.

 Jaundice of the skin caused by hepatic  failure.

A 4-year-old boy with icteric (jaundiced) sclera which later proved to be a manifestation of hemolytic anemia due to G6PD deficiency following fava bean consumption.

For More Details :-

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaundice

Signs & Symptoms :-

Pathophysiology :-

Management :-

Treatment in ayurveda :-

Treatment in modern medicine :-

• suspect infective hepatitis when patient complains of sudden weakness, & loss of appetite, with nausea, fever and tender palpable liver. Examine the sclera of eyes in bright sunlight.

• complete bed rest is very essential, till S.Bilirubin < 1.5%, and enzymes are normal. 

• Diet :-

• fat free diet. no oil, ghee & fried food. 

• plenty of sweets, sugar, sugarcane juice. 

• boiled water for all at home. 

• strictly no alcohol.  

• All hepatotoxic drugs should be stopped. 

•  No sedatives should be given if jaundice is deep. 

•  Drug Treatment. 

•  Glucose. 

•  Hepato-biliary Drugs. 

•  Liver extract. 

•  Soothing Ointments. 

•  Corticosteroids.

• Investigations :-

• urine for bile salts & bile pigments. 

• s.bilirubin - every week.

• Australia antigen for hepatitis B if jaundice is recurrent, chronic or with weight loss. 

• Ultrasound for Gall Bladder if obstructive jaundice is suspected. 

• Routine Hb% WBC.

Treatment in Homoeopathy :-

" One Single Simple Drug Substance In Its Most Suitable Potency, According To Symptom Similarity Based On Totality! "

In Case Of Jaundice, List Of Useful Remedies (According To REPERTORY

by Oscar E. BOERICKE, M.D.) Are As Below-

JAUNDICE (icterus) -- Acon., Aloe, Am. m., Arg. n., Astacus, Ars., Aur. m. n., Aur., Berb. v., Bry., Card. m., Cascara sag., Ceanoth., Cham., Chel., Chelone, Chionanth., Cholest., Cinch., Corn. c., Crot., Dig., Dolichos, Eup. perf., Hep., Hydr., Iod., Jugl. c., Kali bich., Kali c., Kali Picr., Lach., Lept., Lyc., Merc. c., Merc. d., Merc. s., Myr., Nat. m., Nat. p., Nat. s., Nit. ac., Nux v., Ostrya, Phos., Picr. ac., Plumb., Pod., Ptel., Rumex, Ruta, Sep., Still., Sul., Tarax., Yucca, Veron., Vipera.

Anemia; brain disease; pregnancy -- Phos.

Chronic -- Aur., Chel., Con., Iod., Phos.

Extension of catarrhal process -- Am. m., Chel., Chionanth., Cinch., Dig., Hydr., Lob. infl., Merc., Nux v., Pod.

Mental emotion [from] -- Bry., Cham., Lach., Nux v., Vipera.

Infantile -- Cham., Lupul., Merc. d., Merc. s., Myr.

Malignant -- Acon., Ars., Crot., Lach., Merc., Phos.

For Detail Study Of Above Mentioned Individual Remedy From HOMŒOPATHIC MATERIA MEDICA by William BOERICKE, M.D.:-

•  http://www.homeoint.org/books/boericmm/

Take Care Of Your Body,

It's The Only Place You Have To Live In.

With Best Regards, Karnav Thakkar :) :)